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PARATHYROID GLANDS

They are 4 in number lying in the posteromedial aspect of the thyroid gland in most cases. They take its blood supply from small branches of the inferior thyroid artery, so ligation of the artery away from the thyroid gland may cause ischemia of the parathyroid gland with post operative hypoparathyroidism.
m Rarely parathyroids may present in ectopic places:
1- High in the neck “around carotid sheath or superior thyroid artery”.
2- Inside thyroid capsule "within thyroid tissue"
3- Low in anterior or posterior mediastinum
SOURCE: Prof. AYMAN SALEM'S BOOK
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